Sections updated March 2023 with results from 2021 season*

• Practical guides to apple breeding 
• Choosing parental varieties
• Pollination, fertilisation and fruit-set *
• Seed storage and germination *
• Selecting from juvenile seedlings
• Genetic control of traits
• Shortening the juvenile phase of seedling development
• Relationships between seedling height and number of nodes *
• Pruning juvenile seedlings*